Michigan Retina-Vitreous Institute
Introduction - Early detection and treatment holds the best promise for treating many retinal disorders. This involves detailed examination, often times the use of sophisticated testing services, detailed explanations of the findings and treatment options, and advanced medical and surgical treatments. Examination - Thorough examination of vitreous and retinal disorders can involve numerous detailed steps. Detailed medical histories are taken, measurements of visual function are taken, and examination of the front of the eyes, scleral depressed examination of the back of the eye, contact lens examination of the back of the eye, and directed general physical examination can all be involved. Fundus Photography - Specialized digital cameras are used to document abnormalities in the retina. This is key in following the progress of certain retinal disease and to monitor treatment. Fluorescein Angiography - An intravenous injection of diagnostic dye is given in the arm or hand, after which numerous digital photographs are taken of the retina. This commonly performed testing provides some of the most useful anatomic and functional information of the retina which can be of paramount importance in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal disorders. Visual Field Testing (perimetry) - Computer controlled perimetry maps the peripheral or side vision, which provides useful information in diagnosing and monitoring certain disorders of the eye. Ocular Ultrasonography - Through the use of high frequency sound waves, the structures of the back of the eye can be visualized and evaluated when direct visualization is impaired, such as through cataract or blood. In addition to this Diagnostic B-scan ultrasonography, Diagnostic A-scan ultrasonography is provided which is used to evaluate the internal characteristics of tumors and other lesions in the eye. Advanced three dimensional imaging is now also performed in selected eyes. Visual Electrophysiology - With the only such service in mid-Michigan, our electrophysiology team is able to gather detailed information on retinal function through the use of advanced, computer assisted amplification and analysis of the electrical waves produced by the eyes. Full field electroretinography (ERG) tests the function of the rods and cones in the retina in such conditions as retinitis pigmentosa, other retinal dystrophies, and certain circulatory disorders of the retina. Electrooculography (EOG) measures the function of the retinal pigment epithelium and is useful in classifying certain dystrophies and other disorders of the retina.
Optical Coherence Tomography - Using infrared light computer controlled scanning of the eye, very fine cross-sectional detailed images of the macula can be obtained very easily. This can aid in diagnosis and treatment decisions.
Medical and Laser Treatment -Certain diseases of the retina and vitreous can be treated with medications, either in eye drop form or in the form of pills or injections into the eye. Laser retinal surgery is sometimes needed to treat conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal tears, retinal vein occlusions, and other conditions. Such treatments are performed in the office.
Surgical Treatment - Operating room surgical procedures are almost always done on an outpatient basis at local facilities. Scleral buckling surgery for the repair of retinal detachment and posterior vitrectomy surgery for advanced diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, macular holes, epiretinal macular membranes, and a host of other conditions are commonly performed. Certain procedures, such as pneumatic retinopexy for repair of retinal detachment, can be performed in the office.
Professional Education - Michigan Retina-Vitreous Institute is pleased to provide continuing education for local health professionals on advancements in the care of patients with vitreoretinal diseases throught our newsletter RETINA Digest . Health professionals are invited to contact us at 810-732-6231 for details.